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Eating disorder
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Eating disorders
Classification and external resources
Specialty Psychiatry
ICD-10 F50
ICD-9-CM 307.5
MeSH D001068
[edit on Wikidata]
Eating disorders are mental disorders defined by abnormal eating habits that negatively affect a person's physical or mental health. They include binge eating disorder where people eat a large amount in a short period of time, anorexia nervosa where people eat very little and thus have a low body weight, bulimia nervosa where people eat a lot and then try to rid themselves of the food, pica where people eat non-food items, rumination disorder where people regurgitate food, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder where people have a lack of interest in food, and a group of other specified feeding or eating disorders. Anxiety disorders, depression, and substance abuse are common among people with eating disorders.[1] These disorders do not include obesity.[2]
The cause of eating disorders is not clear.[3] Both biological and environmental factors appear to play a role.[1][3] Cultural idealization of thinness is believed to contribute.[3] Eating disorders affect about 12 percent of dancers.[4] Those who have experienced sexual abuse are also more likely to develop eating disorders.[5] Some disorders such as pica and rumination disorder occur more often in people with intellectual disabilities. Only one eating disorder can be diagnosed at a given time.[2]
Treatment can be effective for many eating disorders. This typically involves counselling, a proper diet, a normal amount of exercise, and the reduction of efforts to eliminate food. Hospitalization is occasionally needed. Medications may be used to help with some of the associated symptoms.[1] At five years about 70% of people with anorexia and 50% of people with bulimia recover. Recovery from binge eating disorder is less clear and estimated at 20% to 60%. Both anorexia and bulimia increase the risk of death.[6]
In the developed world binge eating disorder affects about 1.6% of women and 0.8% of men in a given year. Anorexia affects about 0.4% and bulimia affects about 1.3% of young women in a given year.[2] During the entire life up to 4% of women have anorexia, 2% have bulimia, and 2% have binge eating disorder.[6] Anorexia and bulimia occur nearly ten times more often in females than males.[2] Typically they begin in late childhood or early adulthood.[1] Rates of other eating disorders are not clear.[2] Rates of eating disorders appear to be lower in less developed countries.[7]
released July 17, 2016